Chủ Nhật, 31 tháng 8, 2014

Speaking topic: Modern Society



a lonely boy who start communicating with a cute girl in next building using written signs and eventually they met each other. Love doesn't always talk, sometimes might be expressed even from a piece of paper. In a world of social networking and cellphone, signs are still powerful as long as they mean a lot

Summary:
All the problems mentioned:
Social problems - fundamentally, it is due to the fact that any members of a society living close enough together will have conflicts, even people living in the same house don't always get along seamlessly.
In US particularly, some predominant social issues include: the growing divide between rich and poor, domestic violence, unemployment, pollution, urban decay, racism, sexism.
Strong disagreement on how to solve problems is also roots that lead to social issues. For instance, different opinions about how to handle unplanned pregnancy.
Other issues arise in developing countries like massive poverty, food shortages, lack of basis hygiene, spread of incurable diseases and lack of education. They all inhibit the development of society. Moreover, these problems are related to each other and it hard to address one without addressing all of them.
It would be easy to assume that a social problem only affects the people it directly touches, but this is not the case. Unemployment in America for instance doesn't just affect those unemployed but affects the whole economy.
It's also important to understand that social problems within a society interfere its interaction with other societies, which may lead to global problems or issues.
Countries that allow multiple political parties and free expression of speech have another issue when it comes to tackling some of the problems that plague its society.  this is because the country cannot commit to a single way to solve an issue. There may be some people who are unhappy and this discontent can promote discord. On the other hand, countries where government operates independently and free speech or exchange ideas is discouraged, there may not be nough ideas to solve issues. Therefore, the government may persist in trying to solve the problems in wrong-headed ways.
All and all, society itself is a problem and no country has perfected a society where all are happy. Perhaps, as many people state, perfection may not be an achievable goal.

Questions
1. Do you understand all the problems mentioned in this article?
2. Which of these problems also exist in your country?
3. Which of these problems directly/indirectly affect you?
Social problems, also called social issues, affect every society, great and small. Even in relatively isolated, sparsely (thưa thớt) populated areas, a group will encounter social problems. Part of this is due to the fact that any members of a society living close enough together will have conflicts. It’s virtually impossible to avoid them, and even people who live together in the same house don’t always get along seamlessly (một cách liền mạch). On the whole though, when social problems are mentioned they tend to refer to the problems that affect people living together in a society.
The list of social problems is huge and not identical from area to area. In the US, some    predominant social issues include the growing divide between rich and poor, domestic violence, unemployment, pollution, urban decay, racism (sự phân biệt chủng tộc) and sexism (sự phân biệt giới tính), and many others. Sometimes social issues arise when people hold very different opinions about how to handle certain situations like unplanned pregnancy. While some people might view abortion (sự nạo phá thai) as the solution to this problem, other members of the society remain strongly opposed to its use. In itself, strong disagreements on how to solve problems create divides in social groups.
Other issues that may be considered social problems aren't that common in the US and other industrialized countries, but they are huge problems in developing ones. The issues of massive poverty, food shortages, lack of basic hygiene, spread of incurable diseases, ethnic cleansing, and lack of education inhibits (kiềm chế, ngăn cấm) the development of society. Moreover, these problems are related to each other and it can seem hard to address one without addressing all of them.
It would be easy to assume that a social problem only affects the people whom it directly touches, but this is not the case. Easy spread of disease for instance may tamper with (can thiệp vào) the society at large, and it’s easy to see how this has operated in certain areas of Africa. The spread of AIDs for instance has created more social problems because it is costly, it is a danger to all members of society, and it leaves many children without parents. HIV/AIDs isn’t a single problem but a complex cause of numerous ones. Similarly, unemployment in America doesn’t just affect those unemployed but affects the whole economy.
It’s also important to understand that social problems within a society affect its interaction with other societies, which may lead to global problems or issues. How another nation deals with the problems of a developing nation may affect its relationship with that nation and the rest of the world for years to come. Though the United States was a strong supporter of the need to develop a Jewish State in Israel, its support has come at a cost of its relationship with many Arabic nations.
Additionally, countries that allow multiple political parties and free expression of speech have yet another issue when it comes to tackling some of the problems that plague(/pleig/: quấy nhiễu) its society. This is diversity of solutions, which may mean that the country cannot commit to a single way to solve an issue, because there are too many ideas operating on how to solve it. Any proposed solution to something that affects society is likely to make some people unhappy, and this discontent (sự bất mãn) can promote discord (sự bất hoà, xích mích). On the other hand, in countries where the government operates independently of the people and where free speech or exchange of ideas is discouraged, there may not be enough ideas to solve issues, and governments may persist in trying to solve them in wrongheaded (đường lối chính sách mù quáng) or ineffective ways..
The very nature of social problems suggests that society itself is a problem. No country has perfected(làm cho hoàn thiện) a society where all are happy and where no problems exist. Perhaps the individual nature of humans prevents this, and as many people state, perfection many not be an achievable goal.

Thứ Năm, 28 tháng 8, 2014

Speaking topic: HOLIDAYS – TRAVEL - CULTURES

HOLIDAYS – TRAVEL - CULTURES
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USEFUL EXPRESSION:
Expression
Example

Traveling teaches you to be tolerant


























Reading:  TRAVEL CAN CHANGE YOUR LIFE

Summary

Travel can help you:

-          Experience many things new

-          Get out of your comfort zone

-          Meet so many people

-          Create memory for life

10 reasons why you should travel either solo or as a couple

1.      Make new friends – because you are more opened to meet new people. People may think that solo travel will end up being on one’s own.

2.      Break the routine – daily 9 to 5 routine can get you emotionally and spiritually stuck in a place of intense boredom. Break the routine before it breaks you. Human are not meant to live a robotic live. Thus the level of depression, anxiety and panic attacks are truly overwhelming. Doing something totally different will broaden your horizons to new realities.

3.      Growth – happens when you leave your comfort zone. You’ll be surprised by how well you’ll be able to deal with the most unexpected situations, how trying new things will make you feel alive.

4.      Fall in love – You’ll be exposed to so many people who may be share passions and dreams in life.

5.      Learn a new skill – traveling gives you such a great platform if you want to learn a new language, new culture or learn about history.

6.      Nurture yourself – pamper yourself by eating rich organic foods, taking yoga classes, serve your needs only

7.      Share amazing moments together – traveling together raises the levels of camaraderie. You’ll be sharing lots of amazing moments and building great memories that will last forever. Enjoy each other’s company to the fullest.

8.      Rediscover each other – Relationships are always striving to expand and grow, and nothing’s better to provide space for that growth as traveling, getting out of the routine and boredom of the everyday life.

9.      Get to know parts of each other – you’ll have a glimpse on how the counterpart behaves on an everyday basis because traveling will let many good and bad behaviors resurface. Using this time wisely to see if you can really deal with each other 24 hour a day.

 

Question: Can you think of other benefits of travel?
Travel broadens the minds. It does make you a more open-minded person, as you see different ways of living, eating, drinking, interacting with others, and it allows you to see your own culture more objectively. It also leads to you having a wider range of experiences and makes you more interesting to talk to.
Traveling the world, can be one of the most rewarding and fulfilling activities. You’ll get to experience so many things, get out of your comfort zone, meet so many people and create memories for life. Here are the 10 reasons why you should travel either solo or as a couple.
If you’re traveling solo:
MAKE NEW FRIENDS
When you’re traveling solo, you’re more opened to meet new people and find someone to hang out with. A lot of people think that if they venture in the world as a solo travel, they will end up being on their own, but my experience suggests the extreme opposite. Lot’s of people actually, Love to travel solo as a way to meet more people and make new friendships, since traveling as a couple or a group of friends we’re not as opened to mix with new people.
BREAK THE ROUTINE
The everyday routing of the 9 to 5 work schedule, the traffic jams, the same old -same old can get you emotionally and spiritually stuck in a place of intense boredom. Break the routine before it breaks you. Humans are not meant to live a robotic live, thus the level of depressions and anxiety and panic attacks we have in our society are truly overwhelming. Doing something totally different will broaden your horizons to new realities.
GROWTH
Growth happens when you leave your comfort zone, when you break new grounds and put yourself into different environments, situations and new tests. You’ll be surprised by how well, you’ll be able to deal with the most unexpected situations, how trying new things will make you feel alive.
FALL IN LOVE
A lot is said about summer love and how these relationships never really last. Well, this is not entirely true. When you’re traveling, you’ll be exposed t so many people from all kinds of backgrounds, many of them sharing your passions and dreams in life.
You’ll be amazed by the quantity of people you’ll meet, most of them you wouldn’t meet back home in a normal situation, so take advantage of this amazing possibility to meet folks form all nationalities and walks of live. You might meet your soul mate during one of your adventures. Trust me, I know a lot of couples who actually met while traveling.
LEARN A NEW SKILL
If you always wanted to learn a new language, history, a new culture or explore a new gastronomy, nothing will give you such a great platform to do it as traveling. Why not taking an intensive Spanish course, while exploring the ancient Mayan ruins or sunbathing in Mexico? If you love art and architecture, take a gateway to the amazing city of Florence in Italy where you can explore the best of renascence architecture, while digging into the most delicious pizzas, pastas and Mediterranean food. Love intense flavors? Head on to India or Thailand for a cooking course while taking full advantage of snorkeling the turquoise waters of the Andaman cosat or some powerful yoga classes in Goa.
NURTURE YOURSELF
Take this time to turn off your mobile and your computer. If you’re traveling solo, you’ll be able to pamper yourself by eating rich organic foods, taking yoga classes, rest a lot and do nothing . Be selfish during this time, take your time and nurture your body, mind and soul. So many people, specially mothers, spend the whole year serving others and forgetting about their needs. This is your time, serve your needs only!
If you’re traveling with your significant other:
SHARE AMAZING MOMENTS TOGETHER
Relationships are all about growth and selfless interaction. When you’re traveling together, the levels of camaraderie will be on the high. You’ll be sharing lots of amazing moments and building great memories that will last forever. There are no responsibilities and no things to do, so you’re left with lots of fun time together. Use this time as if it was a honey moon, enjoy each other’s company to the fullest.
REDISCOVER EACH OTHER
Routine can bring many relationships and marriages down. When you feel there’s nothing more you can get from a relationship means you’ve been stuck in an unfulfilling environment. Many times it has nothing to do with the fact you don’t love each other anymore, but you’re not giving space for the two of you to experience new emotions and challenges as a couple. Relationships are always striving to expand and grow, and nothing’s better to provide space for that growth as traveling, living new adventures, getting out of the routine and boredom of the everyday life.
GET TO KNOW PARTS OF EACH OTHER
you wouldn’t at home. If you’re entering a brand new relationship, try to take a trip together before you move in. This way, you’ll have a glimpse on how he or she behave on an everyday basis and how he/she deal with stress, frustration, happiness and any other type of feelings. Traveling will let many of the good and bad behaviors resurface, so use this time wisely to see if you really can deal with each other 24 hour a day.

 

Reading:  THE IMPORTANCE OF HOLIDAYS

Summary
1.      Article 1
It will give more fun, enjoyment, relaxation, refreshment, get rest from routine. It’s good for health, reduces stress and body strain, gives new energy
2.      Article 2
It is a necessity for physical and mental wellbeing. No commitments, no feeling of obligations. Able to focus on each moment of each day and really be present, enjoy time with family. It gives a break from routine, a chance to unwind mentally and physically and reconnect with family and friends.
Questions:
1.      What's your most favorite holiday?
My most favorite holiday is undoubtedly Tet holiday. Tet has become so familiar, so sacred that when spring arrives, the Vietnamese, wherever they maybe, are all thrilled and excited with the advent of Tet. They feel an immense nostalgia, wishing to come back for a family reunion and taste the particular flavors of their home land
2. Should people in your country have more holidays?

Article 1: Importance of Holidays

We all love holidays. It will give more fun and enjoyment to us. Starting from school going kids to working employees all are liking holidays and awaiting for it. No one hate holidays, because we can take rest in holidays as well as enjoy a lot with our friends and family members during holidays. A single holiday have the ability to change our routine and give more relaxation to us.
During our school days we like summer vacation and go to our relatives house at that time and enjoy a lot with our grand parents, cousins and other relatives in our native place during summer holidays. While working, we are looking for week end to change our routine, as we are tired with our day to day hard work and regular routine and look for a change. Week end holidays will give some change from this normal routine and we plan for various outing trip and enjoyment during the week end with our friends or family members.
Holidays are necessary to every one to get rest and refreshment from our routine. We all get tired and bored with normal routine and wish to have a change from it, holidays have the ability to give more comfort to us and most of us are expecting holiday from the week beginning, i.e we are waiting for the week end to enjoy.
Without holidays, we don't have any changes and doing the same work throughout the month without any relaxing activities. It may affect our health, since holidays are good for our health too. During holidays most of us take some rest and have a sound sleep in the noon time
It will reduce our stress and give refreshment to us. Holidays help us to give rest to our physical work and we reduce our body strain on holidays. Some of us will plan for a family outing or going outing with friends during the holiday time to have fun and pleasure and forget about our worries.
Holidays will give a great relaxation and refreshment to us and give a new energy to do our work in the upcoming week. Most of us will do our work with full enthusiasm in the week beginning due to the holiday rest. Surely holiday is a need and necessary thing to every one whoever want rest from their routine. 
(Source: http://vidyaprakash.expertscolumn.com/article/importance-holidays)

Article 2: The Importance of Holidays

We all look forward to a holiday. What’s better than a bit of time away from the office, a break from routine and a few cocktails by the pool? But I think we often overlook the importance of a holiday to our physical and mental wellbeing.
I recently took a break from work, and was lucky enough to be able to head overseas for a week of that time with my little family. I was so looking forward to our trip – it was going to be our first family holiday since having our little boy, and my first holiday in over 2 and a half years (aside from maternity leave – which I’ve decided should never, ever be referred to as a ‘holiday’!).
But it wasn’t until I was lying in a hammock in Vanuatu (I know – it sounds horrible doesn’t it?) that I realised how much I had needed this break. It’s amazing how much stress we can carry with us day to day without noticing. 
All of a sudden I didn’t have to be anywhere, or do anything. I didn’t have any commitments, and didn’t feel any obligations. I lost that horrible feeling that I needed to be trying to do 15 things at once- rushing from one thing to another. 
And it took with it a whole lot of stress, and it even took some physical tension that I had through my shoulders, neck and chest that I hadn’t even realised was there. As a result I felt like I could breathe a bit easier.
While we were away we didn’t have internet access, and we had turned our mobile phones off (except for the daily ‘emergency’ text message check), and those thoughts that I normally have constantly through the day like “I’d better just quickly send that email” or ‘I’ll just look at that ‘thing’ online while I think of it” all stopped as well. 
The constant inner chatter, and never ending mental ‘to do’ list quietened down. I was able to focus on each moment of each day & really be present, and enjoy my time with my family.
It has made me realise that as much as I may have thought that a holiday is a luxury, it really is a necessity - for both physical and mental wellbeing. It gives you a break from your routine, a chance to unwind (mentally & physically) and reconnect with family and friends. I’m already starting to plan my next holiday!
Questions
1.      What do you think is interesting about your culture?
It’s Ao dai. It is distinctly Vietnamese and can be seen frequently around the country. The concept of “covering everything, but hiding nothing” is essence of Ao Dai. It was designed to accentuate the beauty of women in VietNam. It is comfortable to wear and it is very stylish.
2.      Do you know much about your own culture?
It can be said that there were three layers of culture overlapping each other during the history of Vietnam: local culture, the culture that mixed with those of China and other countries in the region and the culture that interacted with Western culture.
3.      When people from other countries think about your culture, what do they usually think of? They may think of Vietnamese cuisine. Vietnamese food is tasty, healthy and flavorful with massive use of herbs and spices. Among all, Pho usually becomes an instant favorite for anyone visiting Vietnam.
4.      In your culture is it polite to be straightforward and direct when you talk to someone?
5.      What has surprised you when you've met people from other countries?
6.      What do you like about your culture?
Vietnam was formed early in the history and often had to carry out wars of resistance against foreign invaders, which created a prominent cultural feature: a patriotism that infiltrated and encompassed every aspect of life.
7.      What don't you like about your culture?
8.      How do young people in your culture behave differently from older people?
9.      Why do you think culture is important?
10. If you could change one thing about your culture, what would it be?
11. Would you ever consider marrying or dating someone from another culture?
12. Would you ever consider living permanently in a country other than your home country? Why or why not?
13. What does it mean to be polite in your culture?
14. What is considered rude in your culture?
Vietnamese culture is concerned more with status (obtained with age and education) than with wealth
15. If a group of people just came to your country from overseas, what advice would you give them?
Going dutch with a Vietnamese is not appreciated. If you run into someone at a restaurant and you join his table, let him pay the whole bill or pay it yourself. The senior person usually pays
16. What do you think is important when visiting another culture?
Learning about customs and taboos.
17. Do you think "when in Rome, do as the Romans do" is always good advice? Why or why not?
18. What culture besides your own do you admire and why?
19. What is the best/most important thing your culture/country has adopted from another culture?
20. If you could choose three aspects of your culture to put in a "time box" for the future, what would you put in it?
21. What is culture shock?
I suppose culture shock means a psychological condition which a person experiences when exposed to a completely different places, different people and different customs.
22. Have you ever experienced culture shock?
As a matter of fact I think I have. It was about 2 years ago when I had a chance to visit Ha Noi.
23. On what occasions do you exchange flowers in your country?
24. What customs do you practice?
Traditionally, children lived with their parents until marriage, then couple moved to the husband’s parents house.
25. What are your favorite customs?
26. What customs do you think should be revised?
27. What customs do you think should no longer be practice?
28. What customs (from elsewhere) do you think should be included in our culture?